A numerical scheme for morphological bed level calculations     

Wen Long  James T. Kirby  Zhiyu Shao 《Coastal Engineering》2008

The typical equation for bed level change in sediment transport in river, estuary and near shore systems is based on conservation of sediment mass. It is generally a nonlinear conservation equation for bed level. The physics here are similar to shallow water wave equations and gas dynamics equation which will develop shock waves in many circumstances. Many state-of-art morphological models use classical lower order Lax–Wendroff or modified Lax–Wendroff schemes for morphology which are not very stable for long time sediment transport processes simulation. Filtering or artificial diffusion are often added to achieve stability. In this paper, several shock capturing schemes are discussed for simulating bed level change with different accuracy and stability behaviors. The conclusion is in favor of a fifth order Euler-WENO scheme which is introduced to sediment transport simulations here over other schemes. The Euler-WENO scheme is shown to have significant advantages over schemes with artificial viscosity and filtering processes, hence is highly recommended especially for phase-resolving sediment transport models.  相似文献   

��Burgers��ģ��ģ�����ճ�����ɳ�ЧӦ   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

邵志刚  傅容珊  薛霆虓  黄建华 《大地测量与地球动力学》2007,27(5):31-37

????????????????????Burgers????????????????????????α? ??????????:??Burgers????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????Burgers??????????????????Maxwell???Kelvin??????????????????α?????Э??????  相似文献   

Synoptic analysis of dust storms in the Middle East   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Mehdi Hamidi  Mohammad Reza Kavianpour  Yaping Shao 《Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences》2013,49(3):279-286

Dust storm in the Middle East and south-west Asia is a natural hazard and the Tigris-Euphrates alluvial plain has been recognized as the main dust source in this area. In this study, more than 60 dust storms that occurred during the period 2003–2011 are investigated on the basis of MODIS satellite images, and 12 of the dust storms are selected for synoptic analysis using the NCEP-NCAR Reanalysis Data. The potential dust sources in the Middle East and south-west Asian region (20°E to 80°E, 5°N to 50°N) are analyzed and used in the synoptic analysis. Dust storms in the region can be grouped into two main categories, i.e., the Shamal dust storms and the frontal dust storms. Synoptic systems, associated with the two categories, are distinguished and the frequency of the patterns is identified. For 68% of the Shamal dust storms, a high pressure system is situated between 0°E to 30°E and 27°N to 45°N, and a low pressure system between 50°E to 70°E and 23°N to 43°N. For 86% of the frontal dust storms, a high is located between 51°E to 67°E and 18°N to 33°N and a low between 28°E to 48°E and 32°N to 43°N. Three main patterns for Shamal dust storms are identified, which represent about 60% of the Shamal dust storms. This analysis confirms that the Shamal is related to the anticyclones located over northern Africa to Eastern Europe and the monsoon trough over Iraq, southern Iran, Pakistan and the Indian Subcontinent. The analysis also shows that the main dust sink for the frontal dust storms in Tigris and Euphrates alluvial plain extends from center of Iraq to west and center of Iran and, in most severe cases, to northern Iran and the southern coast of the Caspian Sea.  相似文献   

2019年中国气候主要特征及主要天气气候事件   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

李莹  曾红玲  王国复  王遵娅  陈鲜艳  邹旭恺  石帅  姜允迪  赵琳  周兵  崔童  周星妍  孙劭  王有民  朱晓金  代潭龙  张颖娴  蔡雯悦  钟海玲  郭艳君  柳艳菊  丁婷  支蓉 《气象》2020,46(4):547-555

2019年我国气候总体呈现暖湿特征。全国年平均气温较常年同期偏高0.79℃,为1951年以来连续第五暖年,四季气温均偏高,春、秋季明显偏暖;年降水量为645.5 mm,较常年同期偏多2.5%,冬、春、夏季降水偏多,秋季偏少。华南前汛期开始早、结束晚,为1961年以来最长前汛期,雨量为1961年以来次多;西南雨季开始和结束均偏晚,雨量偏少;入梅晚、出梅早,梅雨量偏少;华北雨季开始晚,结束与常年一致,雨量偏少;东北雨季开始早、结束晚,雨量偏多;华西秋雨开始早、结束晚,雨量偏多。2019年,台风生成多,登陆强度总体偏弱,仅台风利奇马灾损重;暴雨洪涝、干旱、强对流、低温冷冻害和雪灾、沙尘暴等气象灾害均偏轻。  相似文献   

Ensemble standardization constraints on the influence of the tree growth trends in dendroclimatology     

Shi  Feng  Yang  Bao  Linderholm  Hans W.  Seftigen  Kristina  Yang  Fengmei  Yin  Qiuzhen  Shao  Xuemei  Guo  Zhengtang 《Climate Dynamics》2020,54(7):3387-3404

Climate Dynamics - Tree growth trends can affect the interpretation of the response of tree-ring proxies (especially tree-ring width) to climate in the low-frequency band, which in turn may limit...  相似文献   

雷电灾害易损性评估及易损度区划——以宁波为例     

石湘波  张其林  邵程远  王焕邦  郑玲 《内蒙古气象》2014,(2):27-30,39

根据宁波市ADTD闪电定位系统的2010—2012年的地闪监测数据和雷电灾害资料以及2012年宁波市人口及GDP数据,选取年平均地闪密度、致灾强度地闪密度、经济损失指标、人员伤亡指标、人员易损指标、经济易损指标等6项指标,采用5级对称等分间隔划分法,确定划分雷灾易损性指标和雷灾综合易损度等级标准,根据雷灾综合易损度得出评估结果:海曙区、江东区为雷灾极高易损区;镇海区为雷灾高易损区;江北区、宁海县、象山县、北仑区、奉化市为雷灾中易损区;鄞州区、余姚市为雷灾低易损区;慈溪市为雷灾极低易损区。  相似文献   

长江三角洲气象数据实时共享技术研究与实现   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

华韵子  邵玲玲  林红 《气象科技》2014,42(2):261-265

通过基于数据超市理念的气象数据实时共享技术研究,首次建成上海、浙江、江苏、安徽三省一市间互联互通的长江三角洲(长三角)气象数据实时共享平台。该平台设计并使用标准规范体系,建立基于分布式的数据管理模式,采用多层系统架构,实现物理上分布、逻辑上统一的长三角区域气象数据资源组织与共享。能有效支持短临天气预报对实时数据的高时效要求,支持灾害性天气移动观测、加密观测业务的数据共享,提高气象数据实时共享效率,降低数据更新分发的难度。  相似文献   

河南省人工增雨飞机云微物理探测设计     

黄毅梅  濮江平  邵振平  鲍向东 《气象科技》2014,42(5):893-896

人工增雨是一项研究型业务,飞机外场作业、探测是它的重点,只有根据一定目的方案设计下才能体现探测、作业资料的研究价值。根据河南省人工增雨作业、探测分析研究的需要并结合行业专项飞机探测,探讨了5种云微物理探测目的及相应飞机探测设计:1典型锋面云系垂直剖面结构探测;2降水性层状云垂直结构探测;3人工增雨催化作业效果检验飞行探测;4云中过冷水探测;5催化剂在云中的扩散及其物理响应的探测。以2013年3月25日飞机人工增雨探测为例,探讨了飞行探测人工增雨的催化作业效果检验。  相似文献   

始新统油气系统:泰国湾东北部油气勘探新层系     

张杰  鲁银涛  史卜庆  徐宁  范国章  吕福亮  邵大力 《海洋学报》2014,36(7):70-76

泰国湾区域经历了前裂谷期、裂谷期、裂后期的构造演化阶段,形成了多个裂谷盆地。泰国湾区域东北部在渐新世经历了一次明显构造反转,较泰国湾区域大部分地区强烈。通过对比区内钻井,结合地震解释,对该区的沉积特征和构造演化进行了分析,认为这次反转构造导致了反转构造带上构造、沉积特征与邻区有较大的不同。由于这次反转构造,泰国湾东北部在新层系发育新类型的油气系统,即深部的始新统油气系统:烃源岩为中始新统湖相泥岩,储层为上始新统-渐新统三角洲相砂岩,盖层为下中新统三角洲前缘相泥岩和上中新统以上的海相泥岩。该油气成藏系统已被钻井钻遇油气显示,是本区有效油气成藏系统。  相似文献   

A method for sea surface wind field retrieval from SAR image mode data   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

SHAO Weizeng  SUN Jian  GUAN Changlong  and SUN Zhanfeng 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2014,13(2):198-204

To retrieve wind field from SAR images, the development for surface wind field retrieval from SAR images based on the improvement of new inversion model is present. Geophysical Model Functions(GMFs) have been widely applied for wind field retrieval from SAR images. Among them CMOD4 has a good performance under low and moderate wind conditions. Although CMOD5 is developed recently with a more fundamental basis, it has ambiguity of wind speed and a shape gradient of normalized radar cross section under low wind speed condition. This study proposes a method of wind field retrieval from SAR image by combining CMOD5 and CMOD4 Five VV-polarisation RADARSAT2 SAR images are implemented for validation and the retrieval results by a combination method(CMOD5 and CMOD4) together with CMOD4 GMF are compared with QuikSCAT wind data. The root-mean-square error(RMSE) of wind speed is 0.75 m s-1 with correlation coefficient 0.84 using the combination method and the RMSE of wind speed is 1.01 m s-1 with correlation coefficient 0.72 using CMOD4 GMF alone for those cases. The proposed method can be applied to SAR image for avoiding the internal defect in CMOD5 under low wind speed condition.  相似文献